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Dorobanţii de poliţie - primele formaţiuni de pază şi ordine ale oraşului Bucureşti

  • Subiect: This paper describes the police forces organization during the years of the Organic Regulations, the first constitutional rules of the Wallachian Principality, 1830-1859, when many modern institutions were set-up. The Organic Regulations have stipulated that, aside the regular army, will be raised a constabulary police which should replace the ancient military and administrative units of the medieval Phanariot era. These constabulary forces have received the traditional name of "Dorobantzes" which date, in Wallachia, from the 16th century. It was, in fact, a kind of yeomanry police, composed of middle-class people who were the owners of their horses and equipment. They were in active service for 3 years, 10 days a month; they could prolonge their conscription as much as they wanted. The Dorobantzes were divided into companies which belong to the districts and Bucharest mayoralty. They were commanded by Captains ("Tişti") and the squads ("Căprării") were commanded by Corporals ("Căprari"). This paper has a special preoccupation towards the constabulary forces of Bucharest which were subordinate to the police prefecture ("Agie"). Its commander was "Aga" and he had five assistants called "Comisari" who directed the five districts of the town. Each suburb was administered by an "Epistat". The police prefecture had always 10 Dorobantzes for active duties; 10 other Dorobantzes were distributed to the districts. The first major tentative in equipping these units according to the European standards, was mode by the Russian General Pavel Dimitrievich Kiseleff, the plenipotentiary president of the Wallachian and Moldavian governments. He tried to impose a new uniform and discipline among the units of Romanian constabulary. These attempts had arisen the protests of the officers of the new-created Wallachian army who felt that their military social status was deeply threatened. Late in 1834, Prince Alexandru Ghica ordered new items of uniform for the different branches of the police of Bucharest. However, the foreign artists who journeyed through the principality produced drawnings and paintings of Dorobantzes, many of them wearing the old clothes of Oriental fashion, probably as a result of their exotic and picturesque appearance. Prince Gheorghe Bibescu had imposed new changes in the uniforms of the Dorobantzes according to the French style. The Revolution of 1848 established the National Guard which have assumed the prerogatives of a police force; but the defeat of the Revolution, in September 1848, have ascertain the re-establishment of the ancient constabulary. Those units will be organized in a military manner by 1850. Until the Union of the Principalities, in 1859, there will be no more changes concerning the Wallachian Dorobantzes organization and uniforms.
  • Limba de redactare: română
  • Secţiunea: Restitutio
  • Vezi publicația: Bucureşti - Materiale de Istorie şi Muzeografie: Bucureşti-MIM
  • Editura: Museion
  • Loc publicare: Bucureşti
  • Anul publicaţiei: 1992
  • Referinţă bibliografică pentru nr. revistă: XI; anul 1992
  • Paginaţia: 202-2016
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