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Primul Război Mondial în operele artiştilor plastici germani din Transilvania

  • Subiect: WWI in the oeuvre of German painters from Transylvania The paper is aiming at presenting Transylvanian German painters who created works related to WWI. Although those who belonged to the press quarter (KPQ) had to serve the propaganda machinery of the k. u. k. (Imperial and Royal) Austro-Hungarian army, they created original, valuable art works, charged with deep human understanding for all those who had to suffer. Ludwig Hesshaimer was an important and prolific artist. He was a serving officer and an eyewitness to Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassination in Sarajevo. In the aftermath Hesshaimer experienced the war until its end at different frontal sections. In 1915 he published the portfolio entitled “Heil und Sieg” (Salvation and Victory), comprising 35 drawings (reproduced in heliography) from the eastern war theatre. The artworks did not show war from its heroic side, but illustrated in a quite realistic way troops on the rise, dramatic moments before attacks, life in trenches, destructed buildings and localities. Initially he believed in the victory of the Central Powers, but soon he became more realistic. Experiencing all the atrocities of the great conflagration, Hesshaimer became a broken person whom only his art helped to overcome the traumata. Thus, between 1919 and 1921 he worked out his masterpiece, a very disturbing and touching sequence of 15 expressionist etchings entitled “Der Weltkrieg – ein Totentanz” (The World War – a Danse Macabre). Hans Eder, one of the best known artists who belonged to the German minority in Romania and most important figurative Transylvanian Saxon expressionist, was a reserve officer, reactivated at the outbreak of WWI. Soon he was appointed combat artist. Like Hesshaimer, Eder also depicted his war scenes from the eastern front. War meant for him destruction of mankind and man made civilization. While most of the expressionists characterized factories as symbols of human decadence and estrangement, Eder transformed them into symbols of civilization. Fritz Kimm was also an outstanding artist, who experienced the war from beginning to end as war painter. His pictures breathe calm and quiet, lacking of pathos and sentimentality. Unlike the others, Erwin Neustädter, writer and graphic artist, had drawn the atrocities from the Isonzo battles. Lady painters and artist who were not conscripted created art works witnessing the effects of war or works which were sold for charitable purposes. Transylvanian German artists, eyewitnesses to and chroniclers of the great carnage, developed original visions which they transcribed in valuable art works.
  • Limba de redactare: română, engleză
  • Secţiunea: Patrimoniu
  • Vezi publicația: Acta Terrae Fogarasiensis: ActaTF
  • Editura: ALTIP
  • Anul publicaţiei: 2014
  • Referinţă bibliografică pentru nr. revistă: 3; anul 2014
  • Paginaţia: 547-560
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