O statuetă din teracotă de epocă romană de la Budeşti (jud. Bistriţa-Năsăud)

  • Subiect: In the collection of the school museum from Budeşti (Budeşti commune, Bistriţa-Năsăud county) we have identified a terracotta statuette with the representation of a Roman deity. Thus, the artefact was discovered in 1965 by student Filip Olimpia during a hike with the school, at the point “Ţigla lui Mândru Ionaş”, in the ploughed field. The dimensions of the statuette are as follows: height – 14.5 cm, base width – 4.5 cm. The statuette is made of a fine, orange-brownish paste. The artefact presents a male character wearing a bardocuccullus that covers the entire body to the knees. The face of the character is a distinctive one, looking like a teenager, his eyes are distinctive, with marked eyeballs, his nose is large, slightly damaged on the left, the lips are sketched out briefly, and under his hood one distinguishes slightly his curly hair that falls on his shoulders, the straight, rigid neck giving the feeling of stiffness. Because of the lack of certain attributes it is difficult to clearly determine what deity it is. We tend to identify the statuette as a representation of a Genius Cucullatus, based on the clear presence of bardocucullus. As for the ithyphallic-type representations of the god Telesphorus, it should be emphasized that this attribute is a secondary one. The most eloquent analogies for the analysed statuette are two anthropomorphic oil lamps from Ampelum. Regarding the place of discovery of the statuette, monetary and ceramic discoveries converge to the idea of the existence of at least one Roman archaeological site in the area, most likely a rural settlement. The functionality of the statuette must be related to the religious pantheon of the rural world of the province Dacia. A. Antal considers the cult of these divinities as a cult of personal valences, rather than an official cult. It is also considered to be related to the idea of protecting children, marking a stage of their passage from childhood to adolescence, statuettes of this type being extremely rare in Dacia, all coming from domestic environments. However, the presence of the ithyphallic representation also suggests certain connotations related to the cult of fecundity and fertility.
  • Limba de redactare: română, engleză
  • Vezi publicația: Revista Bistriţei: RB
  • Editura: Accent
  • Loc publicare: Cluj-Napoca
  • Anul publicaţiei: 2016-2017
  • Referinţă bibliografică pentru nr. revistă: XXX-XXXI; anul 2016-2017
  • Paginaţia: 72-75
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