Premisele geografice privind dezvoltarea comunităţilor dacice timpurii pe Mureşul mijlociu şi în sud-estul Munţilor Apuseni

  • Subiect: The penetration of the Celtic element in the Carpathian inner space towards the end of the 4th century B.C caused a series of changes in the political and social scenery of the area. Up to this moment the autochthonous population known also as ''The Cultural Group Ciumbrud'', is little known, the only discoveries in the area having a preponderant funeral aspect. It is difficult to give an appreciation of the aspect of the relationships between the newcomers and the autochthonous population, but certainly the Celts had the most important role in the cultural and political plan, fact resulted from the archaeological discoveries. Their traces are to be found scattered on the Mureş passage, with two important concentrations in the following areas: Alba Iulia-Sebeş-Vinţu de Jos and Aiud-Turda. The explanation of these concentrations can have economic causes, and also can reflect a certain stage in the evolution of the research. From this disposing is established the preference for the low areas of plain (Geoagiu, Blandiana, Vinţu de Jos, Lancrăm, Oarda, Şeuşa; Alba Iulia, Peţelca, Rădeşti, Aiud, Micoşlaca, Uioara, Ocna Mureş etc.) and for the hill area (Ampoiţa, Cetea, Ciugud, Gârbova, Romos, Săliştea etc.), that bound Lunca Mureşului and its streams. Although there are controversies upon the disappearing of the Celtic element in the area it prefigures more and more clearly the idea that they left due to local political motives, but also in the area, like the growing of the Dacian power, possibly with the support of some Thracian-Getic elements, south of the Carpathians and Celtic retreat from the Pannonian basin towards the centre of Europe. In this context is possible that their place might have been taken by a population south of the Carpathians joined by new military elites. The phenomenon is archeologically distinguishable by the unparalleled multiplication of settlements and of other traces of inhabitation in this space. It is possible that at the foundation of the constitution of the new ethnic identity of the Dacians might be exactly this fusion between the autochthonous element, local and the new-comers, who were related to their material culture. Beginning with the second half of the 2nd century B.C. a significant growing of the number of settlements took place in this space. Besides known settlements from the anterior phase, new settlements took birth, some of them on the same hearth (Blandiana, Sebeş, Lancrăm, Vinţu de Jos, Alba Iulia, Şeuşa, Aiud, Ocna Mureş, Noşlac, Cicău, Lopadea Veche etc.); appear new traces of human presence at Geoagiu, Oarda, Pâclişa, Teleac, Dumitra, Şard, Teiuş, Decea etc. The existing information shows that only a small number of the old Celtic-Dacian settlements disappear, very likely because of some natural causes, the changing of their location etc. In the same time the habitation area changes establishing a massive penetration towards the high area, fact confirmed by the monetary discoveries from Bozeş and Bucium, but especially by the appearance of the fortifications from Ardeu, Cugir and Piatra Craivii. The appearance of the fortresses and fortified settlements denotes the changes supervened in the social relations, by the appearance of pyramidal power structures, on top of which were to be found the leaders of the military elites. The demographic growing amplifies even more in the classical period, when the number of settlements and considerations assigned to this period grows significantly.
  • Limba de redactare: română, engleză
  • Secţiunea: Istorie veche şi arheologie
  • Vezi publicația: Sargetia. Acta Musei Devensis
  • Editura: Qual Media
  • Loc publicare: Cluj
  • Anul publicaţiei: 2007-2008
  • Referinţă bibliografică pentru nr. revistă: XXXV-XXXVI; anul 2007-2008; subtitlu: Acta Musei Devensis
  • Paginaţia: 115-137
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