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Descoperiri Cucuteni-Ariuşd de la Păuleni Ciuc - Dîmbul Cetăţii (jud. Harghita). Modele de altăraşe

  • Subiect: The prehistoric settlement from Păuleni Ciuc is known under the name of Ciomortan or Şoimeni. The settlement is situated at about 8 km north-east from Miercurea-Ciuc city and at about 1 km north-east from Şoimeni village, in the place called by the villagers Várdomb (Dâmbul Cetăţii) (pl. I/1). The settlement has oval shape, with a surface of about 60 (north-south) x 90 (east-west) m. The site’s emplacement in this point was well chosen by the prehistoric communities. The settlement is well hidden between the hills of the west slope of the Ciucului Mountain and it offers a good visibility over the Ciuc Valley (pl. I/3-4). The settlement was discovered in the interwar period by Al. Ferenczi who included it in the repertory of Dacian fortresses from Transylvania. Between 1956, 1960 and 1967 archaeological researches were made here by Z. Székely. The settlement was inhabited in the Early Copper Age (Cucuteni-Ariuşd and Bodrogkeresztur Cultures) (pl. I/5-6), in the Late Copper Age (Coţofeni Culture) and in the Middle Bronze Age (Costişa - Ciomortan and Wietenberg Cultures). The inventory of the houses of the Cucuteni-Ariuşd culture is represented by the completely or fragmentary preserved ceramics pots, manufactured of all types of ceramics (fine ceramics; semi-fine ceramics; rough ceramics), objects made of burned clay, copper, stone, bone or horns. Different miniature objects were made out of burned clay (cups, discs, cones, reels), but also larger pieces (spindle whorls, quadrilateral cups, roundels, reels, pintanderas), a special category being represented by fragments of miniature altars or altar tables (pl. II). Out of these altar-tables (votive altars) one has been preserved almost entirely, and it was made of clay in combination with fine sand. The piece was moulded in two pieces: the table with four legs, united to each other, and the goblet of conical shape, its interior being empty (pl. V; VIII/1). The altar was discovered nearby a hearth (pl.I/7-8), probably being used in some magical-religious practices. Through its artistic aspect this piece is rare in the Cucuteni-Ariuşd Culture. In the investigated surfaces there have been discovered a clay votive altar and other eight fragments belonging to miniature tables, of different dimensions (tables and legs): two table legs, broken at their base, but with a fragment of the table preserved at their top (pl. III/1, 3; VI/1, 3); five fragments of legs, separately preserved (pl. IV/1-5; VII/1-5); one fragment from a table (pl. III/2; VI/2). Though the investigation of the Eneolithic complexes from Păuleni Ciuc is still going on, we wanted to add the discovery of these models of altars and miniature altar tables to the scientific circuit, because of their importance in knowing the magical-religious practices of the bearers of the Cucuteni-Ariuşd Culture, especially in the intra-Carpathic area.
  • Limba de redactare: română, engleză
  • Secţiunea: Materiale şi cercetări arheologice
  • Vezi publicația: Memoria Antiquitatis: MemAntiq
  • Editura: „Constantin Matasă”
  • Loc publicare: Piatra Neamţ
  • Anul publicaţiei: 2007
  • Referinţă bibliografică pentru nr. revistă: XXIV; anul 2007; subtitlu: Acta Musei Petrodavensis
  • Paginaţia: 277-292
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