Revolte ţărăneşti în judeţul Bihor cauzate de debutul procesului de colectivizare a agriculturii

  • Subiect: REBELLIONS OF THE PEASANTS FROM THE DISTRICT OF BIHOR, TRIGGERED BY THE INITIATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL COLLECTIVIZATION PROCESS As we could see, in the spring of 1945, the period that followed the Communist politica! take-over, their first major concern was the legislation of the land reform. The necessity of this reform was evoked ever since the fall of 1944 by the entire Romanian politic body except it's liberal party. The difference was made only by the way the problem was tackled. In order to achieve a fast penetration in the rural life, the Communists pronounced themselves for a fast land reform, in the most possible radical terms even before the end of the war, which The National Peasant Party wanted to take these measures only after the end of the conflict, when things would have been clarified. The period between 23 august 1944 and 6 march 1945 was characterized by the anxieties regarding the land problem, which became more and more serious and which were supported by the Romanian Communist Party and its appendix, the Frontul Plugarilor. These political forces encouraged the people secretly, but mostly not, to share the land by force, thing that created confusion among the peasantry. The highest point of these events was reached in January - February 1945, when violent action which endorsed the land sharing to the peasants, without legal support, took place in many villages. When the Romanian Governments were formed by the representations of all the political parties, the communist pressures over the peasantry could be controlled and stopped. After 6 march 1945, things went out of control and the Communists, who formed the majority in the Groza Government, made the law and the new govemess. The period between 23 march 1945, which marked the legislation of the land reform and 2 march 1949 the publication of the Decree 83 regarding the perfection of the land reform, meaning the collectivization of the agriculture, is a in fact a period in which the pressures of the Communist system over the landowners from Romania where more and more solid and they had the impact that the power wanted. Step by step, the landowners will "donate" their lands to the state. This phenomenon was tragic and it was confirmed by the documents from the archives or the testimonies of the survivors. The application of the Decree from 2 march represented the violation of the basic rules of the democratic state and, starting with the year 1949; it leaded to social tensions in the west part of the country. As we saw, since 1949 the revolts of the peasants included the entire west part of the country. From this point of view, the district Bihor was in the middle of the movements of the peasants. The social tensions arise especially in the plain areas and leaded to violent actions in some places. The revolts included the other districts of this part of the country as well. More than that, in Timiş, Caraş, Severin Arad or Satu Mare these events continued in the years that followed. The base of all these phenomenon was the same and we presented it in a special chapter.
  • Limba de redactare: română
  • Secţiunea: Istorie contemporană
  • Vezi publicația: Acta Musei Porolissensis: ActaMP
  • Editura: Muzeul Judeţean de Istorie şi Artă din Zalău
  • Loc publicare: Zalău
  • Anul publicaţiei: 2003
  • Referinţă bibliografică pentru nr. revistă: XXV; anul 2003; subtitlu: Anuarul Muzeului Judeţean de Istorie şi Artă Zalău
  • Paginaţia: 515-529
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